Richard eaton



2 Sheets -S he et 1. EATON & MARKS.

Cooking Siove.

Patented Nov. 23; 1869.:

Jazz nd M wimessasv qviw N- PETERS, PHOTO L TROGRAPHE I 2 SheetsSheet 2.EATON & MARKS.

. Cooking Stove.

Patented Nv. 23, 1869.

inn

NPETERS, FNOTO-LITHOGRLF'HER, WASHINGTON, D C,

Ettt ttt Wire,

RICHARD EATON, or LoNDoN, ENGLAND, AND JOSEPH MARKS, OF BOS- TON,MASSACHUSETTS,

Letters Patent No. 97.066, dated November 23,1869.

COOKIN G--S1OVE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all t) whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that we, RICHARD EATON, of London, England, temporarilyresiding in Canada, and JOSEPH Mums, of Boston, in'the county ofSutt'olk, aml State ot'lllassachusetts, have invented certain new anduse-, ful Improvements in Air-Heating Apparatus, as well asGoolv'iug-Apparatus aml do.hereb declare t'het'ollowing to be a full,clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being bad tothcaccompmiyingdrawings, making partot' this specification, and in whichFigure l is a perspective rcjn'cscntation,

Figure 2, a vertical and longitudinal section, and

Figure 3, a vertical and transverse section of cool;- ing-stovecontaining our improvements.

Our present invention may in some respects be considered in the lightofan improvetnenu upon that for which Letters Patentot'the United Stateswere granted to one of us, viz, RICHARD lia'rox, on the'15th day ofMay.1866, although ourpresentinvention possesses characteristics whichentitle it to an individuality and to independent application.

The characteristic feature in the heatingapparatus, as shown in theabove-incntioned Letters Patent, conf sists in the employment of aspiralchannel, disposed within a drum or cylinder, extending upward from thetop of the stove, and surroumlingand enclosing an airpipe, which is open'at top, and whose lower end c0mmunicates with an air-passage made on orin the top plate of the stove, such air-passage being governed byadamper suitably situated, and communicating with air-ducts formed ineach corner of the front of the stove, aml which open within the stove,near to its bottom plate.

One result of this construction of parts, is to cause, the-air whichsupports combustion to be heated on its way to the fire, first by heatradiated from the smoke and hot gases, as they ascend the spiral orconvolute channel, and next by heat imparted to it, as it goes throughthe air-passage on top of the stove, and down the air-ducts at thetrout.

Another result is, thatthe air taken to support combustion, is drawndirectly and immediately from the upper part of the apartment, insteadof from the lower part, thus securing a ventilation of the apartment atthe most important point.

Having thus premised the description of. our latter invention, byillustrating the principal point of the former invention, as shown inLetters Patent above mentioned, we would say that the main object soughtin making this last-mentioned invention or improvement, is to ohtainmoreperfect control of the ventilation ot'- the apartment, as well as moreperfect combustion of the gases and unconsumed products of combustionarising from the fuel in the firepotof the apparatus.

Another object we have had in view in conducting the experiments whichhave ended in our present invention, has been to produce aunitbrm orcquable temperature of the oven of a cooking-apparatus, in order thatthe baking-qualities may be equally good in any part of it, and weaccomplish this by admitting to the lower part of the oven, as occasionrequires, a portion of oxygen which passes through the stove, and isheated on its way to the fire, as before premised, such heated oxygencoursing about the interior of the oven, and escaping, in excess, fromthe upper part thereof, thus producing perfect ventilation ot' the same,the advantage of admitting the highlysheated oxygen to the lower part ofthe oven being, as will be readily umlcrstood, to overcome theditt'erence in temperature between the top and bottom of such oven, theformer 'of which being much the highest in stoves now genc allyconstriu-tcd.

In the drawings, to which allusion has before been made as accompanying.this specification, and which illustrate our invention- A denotes thetop plate of a stove 'B, its oven 0, its fire-pot ;D, its ash-chamber;E, the direct smokeescape title; F F and G being theindirectsmoke-escape flue, and H, the general smoke-escaping funnel ofthe stove; the damper for controlling the passage of smoke through thelast-mentioned fines} being shown at I; thegeneral arrangement of theseconstituent parts being substantially the same as in the generality ofstoves now mam'tt'actured.

1n carrying out our presentimprovements, we appl y to the upper part ofthe rear of the top plate of the stove, an upright cylinder, J, theupper part of this cylinder being provided with a-register, k, and withits lower and open end communicating freely with an auxiliaryair-passage, L, extending down the rear end of the stove, outside of andbelow the flues F F' and G, before mentioned, the said air-passageLextending to the front of the. stove, and opening into the ash-pit- I),as represented, it being understood, and \vill' be seen by referring tothe drawings, that communication between the hot--air passage L, and theflues l l and G, before reaching the tire, is entirely out ofl'.

The ash-pit D is provided with a door, M, for convenience of removingashes, while the hearth of the stove, which is shown at N, is providedwith a cover, 0, for allowing removal ot'the sitter 1).

The cover 0 is to be removed while a tire is being built in the stove,or.when great draught is required, such cover at all other times beingclosed, and oxygen for supporting combustion of fuel afterward beingadmitted only through the cylinder J before mentioned.

I would remark that air-spaces R are furnished at the frontand rear ofthe fire-pot, to which heated air from the passage L is admitted, theupper open- ,ings of these, spaces being governed by valves S T, for thepurpose of allowing of the circulation of heated air through them andthe fire, or of shutting off such circulation through them, andpermitting the entire amount of heated air to pass upward through thelire, thence over the top of the oven and mingling withthe unronsnmedgases or other products of combustion.

A second and smaller cylinder, U, closed at the top, is disposed withinthe cylinder J, the lower and open end of such cylinder U communicatingwith the tines l F or G. 4

The adoption 'of this last-mentioned cylinder U,-

afibrds an increased radiating-sm-face 'for heating the current ofoxygen passing down the cylinder J.

The above constitutes the mechanical construction of a stove embodyingthe principles embraced in our present improvements, its operation beingbeing as follows, it being supposed that the tire-pot 0 contains fuel ina good state of ignition The heatfrom sucl1.fucl, passing out of thestove, either by the dirct flue E, or the indirect fine l! E and G,necessarily creates a downward draught of oxygen through the cylinder Jand passage L, thence upward into and through the fuel within thefire-pot, the current of oxygen being, in such passage, highly heated bymeans before stated, and mingling with the gases given off from thefuel, allow the latter to be consumed, aml produce a large sheet offlame, which, expanding over the top of the oven, greatly increases itstemperature, the waste products of combustion from the'union of thegases and oxygen, which are of very small quantity, passing ofi"thronghthe fines E, 1* F, or G, in manner as before stated.

The employment of the air-spaces Q, R, and their controlling-valves Sand T, admits of a. perfect control of the union of the oxygen andgases, amladds in a great degree to the effective working of theapparatus.

The employment of our invention, as before described, owlng to theperfect combustion of gases given off from the tire, allows of the useof bituminous coals in cooking-stoves, which has never before, so far asour knowledge extends, been accomplished. For the As before observed, themploylncntof the cylinder J, constituting, asitdoes,theair-inlet('n'draughtto the stove, serves alike as a means of perfect ventilationto an apartment, as well as of partially heating oxygen for aiding thecomlmstionof gases from the tire. The value ofthe admission of hotoxygen to the lower part of the oven, will at once beapparcnt to anyintelligent observer.

Having thus described the nature, operation, and advantages of ourpresent inventi on,what we believe to be novel and original withourselves, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States,is as follows:

Claims.

\Vc claim 1. The employment,. in combination 'with the oven and thetire-pot of a cooking-zipparatns, or in combination with anyheating-apparatus, a chamber or passage by means of which oxygen isheated by the escaping gases as they are passing from the fire to thesmoke-escape flue, and supplied to the lire, essentially in manner andoperating as before explained.

2. In combination with the cylinder J, hereinbefore mentioned, theemployment of the auxiliary heatingdrum U, substantially as beforedescribed.

3. The arrangement of the spaces Q R, and their 'alves S T, under-thearrangement hcreinbclore described, whereby a passage of oxygen isregulated and controlled for the purposebciore explained.

4. A stove composed in general of the cylinder J and, as a prolongationthereof, the air-passage L, the interior cylinder U, and the spaces QIt, with their valves S T, when such constituent parts are combined witha fire-pot, oven, smoke discharge fines, aml other adjuncts of a stoveasnow generally constructed.

RICHARD EATON. JOSEPH MAltKb. \Vitucsscs Fann. Gcn'ris, Emmxn H. Huwms.

